Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin (AB) uzun y\u0131llar boyunca m\u00fczakere edilen tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 “G\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u0130ltica Pakt\u0131” yar\u0131n itibar\u0131yla t\u00fcm \u00fcye \u00fclkelerde uygulanmaya ba\u015flanacak.<\/p>\n
AB Komisyonundan yap\u0131lan yaz\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re, May\u0131s 2024’te kabul edilen ve AB’nin yeni g\u00f6\u00e7 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan G\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u0130ltica Pakt\u0131 yar\u0131ndan itibaren t\u00fcm \u00fcye devletlerde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecek.<\/p>\n
AB’nin ilk kapsaml\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 ve iltica \u00e7er\u00e7evesi niteli\u011findeki anla\u015fma, “d\u0131\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc korunmas\u0131, daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve etkin iltica prosed\u00fcrleri ile \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda dayan\u0131\u015fma ve sorumluluk payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131” ilkelerine dayan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Yeni sistem kapsam\u0131nda, AB d\u0131\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan d\u00fczensiz \u015fekilde giri\u015f yapan t\u00fcm g\u00f6\u00e7menler g\u00fcvenlik kontrollerinden ge\u00e7irilerek zorunlu kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak.<\/p>\n
Korunma ihtiyac\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilen, g\u00fcvenlik riski olu\u015fturan veya yanl\u0131\u015f beyanda bulunan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinde h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015flemler uygulanacak ve bu ki\u015filer h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde geri g\u00f6nderilecek.<\/p>\n
\u0130ltica ba\u015fvurular\u0131 daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrelerde sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lacak, k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131m niteli\u011findeki veya tekrar eden ba\u015fvurulara y\u00f6nelik daha s\u0131k\u0131 kurallar getirilecek, b\u00f6ylece AB i\u00e7inde “ikincil hareketler” de \u00f6nlenecek.<\/p>\n
Yeni kurallar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, t\u00fcm \u00fcye \u00fclkelerde kabul ko\u015fullar\u0131na ili\u015fkin ortak standartlar uygulanacak ve iltica ba\u015fvurusunda bulunanlar\u0131n i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131na daha h\u0131zl\u0131 eri\u015fimi sa\u011flanacak.<\/p>\n
D\u00fczenleme, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda zorunlu ancak esnek bir dayan\u0131\u015fma mekanizmas\u0131 kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7eriyor. Buna g\u00f6re, g\u00f6\u00e7 bask\u0131s\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan \u00fclkelere destek sa\u011flan\u0131rken, her \u00fcye devlet kendi ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re katk\u0131da bulunabilecek.<\/p>\n
Komisyonun a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda, yeni sistemde temel haklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik g\u00fcvencelerin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zellikle s\u0131n\u0131r taramas\u0131 ve iltica prosed\u00fcrlerinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z izleme mekanizmalar\u0131yla denetlenece\u011fi kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
– Ele\u015ftiriler<\/p>\n
AB’de g\u00f6\u00e7 ve iltica konusu, \u0130rlanda’n\u0131n ba\u015fkentinde 1990’da imzalanan Dublin S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile d\u00fczenleniyordu. Buna g\u00f6re, m\u00fcltecilerin ilk var\u0131\u015f \u00fclkesinde iltica ba\u015fvurusu yapmalar\u0131, ard\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir AB \u00fclkesine ge\u00e7mi\u015flerse bunu, ba\u015fvuruyu yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkeye iletmeleri gerekiyordu.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u0130ltica Pakt\u0131’n\u0131n temelleri, AB’nin 2015’te ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir milyondan fazla ki\u015finin Avrupa’ya ula\u015fmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanan g\u00f6\u00e7 krizinin ard\u0131ndan at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kriz s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, d\u0131\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve iltica ba\u015fvurular\u0131ndan hangi \u00fclkenin sorumlu olaca\u011f\u0131 gibi konularda ciddi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/p>\n
AB Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan 2020’de teklif edilen Dublin S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin yerine ge\u00e7ecek pakt, \u00f6zellikle zorunlu dayan\u0131\u015fma mekanizmas\u0131, yeniden yerle\u015ftirme kotalar\u0131 ve sorumluluk payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 konular\u0131nda ya\u015fanan anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar nedeniyle uzun m\u00fczakerelerin ard\u0131ndan ancak May\u0131s 2024’te kabul edilebildi.<\/p>\n
Yeni kurallar ise bir\u00e7ok kesim taraf\u0131ndan ele\u015ftiriliyor.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131, AB’nin yeni g\u00f6\u00e7 ve iltica kurallar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rdaki kontrollerin geni\u015fletilmesinin, g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin aylarca kabul merkezlerinde tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7abilece\u011finden endi\u015fe ediyor. Ayr\u0131ca “m\u00fccbir sebep” durumlar\u0131nda \u00fcye \u00fclkelere \u00e7e\u015fitli muafiyetler sa\u011flamas\u0131 nedeniyle uygulamada m\u00fclteci hukuku ve uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hukuku kapsam\u0131ndaki y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin ihlal edilmesi riskine dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor. Yeni kurallar\u0131n, AB’nin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmalar yoluyla s\u0131n\u0131r kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc “kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yapma” ve Avrupa’n\u0131n m\u00fclteci koruma sorumlulu\u011fundan ka\u00e7mas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir ad\u0131m anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
Pakt\u0131n en \u00e7ok ele\u015ftirilen unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ise d\u00fczensiz g\u00f6\u00e7le m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelerde kurulacak “geri g\u00f6nderme merkezleri” geliyor. Uzmanlar, geri g\u00f6nderme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelere devredilmesinin denetim eksikli\u011fi ve insan haklar\u0131 standartlar\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131 gibi riskler bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc dile getiriyor.<\/p>\n
Pakt\u0131n, s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren zorunlu dayan\u0131\u015fma mekanizmas\u0131 ise baz\u0131 \u00fcye devletlerin itirazlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yor. S\u00f6z konusu \u00fclkeler, uygulaman\u0131n ulusal g\u00f6\u00e7 politikalar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki kontrol\u00fc azaltabilece\u011fini, ilave mali y\u00fckler do\u011furabilece\u011fini ve d\u00fczensiz g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc te\u015fvik edebilece\u011fini savunuyor. <\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin (AB) uzun y\u0131llar boyunca m\u00fczakere edilen tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 “G\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u0130ltica Pakt\u0131” yar\u0131n itibar\u0131yla t\u00fcm \u00fcye \u00fclkelerde uygulanmaya ba\u015flanacak. AB Komisyonundan yap\u0131lan yaz\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re, May\u0131s 2024’te kabul edilen ve AB’nin yeni g\u00f6\u00e7 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan G\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u0130ltica Pakt\u0131 yar\u0131ndan itibaren t\u00fcm \u00fcye devletlerde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecek. AB’nin ilk kapsaml\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 ve iltica \u00e7er\u00e7evesi niteli\u011findeki …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":133407,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[4794,13474,1304,20225,45610,54,7290],"class_list":["post-133406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","tag-abnin","tag-giriyor","tag-goc","tag-iltica","tag-pakti","tag-yarin","tag-yururluge"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133406"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=133406"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133406\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/133407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=133406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=133406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kibrishost.com\/tak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=133406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}